Herman edgar samuel crates



H. E. s. CHAYES;

DENTAL BRIDGEWORK.

APPLICATION FILED JUNE 2, 1920.

1,366,058. Patented'J'an. 18,1921.

J vanto:

UNITED sraras HERMAN EDGAR SAM UEL GHAYES, 01 NEW YORK, N. Y.

DENTAL zearnenwoax.

Specification of Letters Patent. Patented an, 18, 1921,

Continuationcf application Serial No. 45,749, filed August 16, 1915. This application filedihme 2,;1920.

- Serial No. 385,999.

p and facilities of the average operator to con- To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMAN EDGAR Saar UEL Unarns, a citizen of the United States, residing at New York, in thecounty of New York and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Dental Bridgework, of which the following is a specification.

This is a continuation of my former ap plication Serial No. 45,749 filed August 16th, 191.5,, and it is intended to secure in this application the benefit of the filing date of my said former applicationso far as con cerns the subject-matter disclosed in common in both applications.

The present invention relates to improvements in removable dental bridge-work, and

has for one of its objects to provide a connection between the bridge and its piers by virtue of which the bridge-work is capable of slight movement vertically, as well as cross-wise of the dental arch, undermasti eating stress. p v

Another ob ect is to provide such a connection which will be well within the skill struct, and the essential parts of which may be manufactured in quantity and of uniform size, so that interchange of parts and repair may be readily and conveniently ef- :fected.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a connection between the pin teeth andthc dental arch which when in its completel' assembled relation forms an active part of the occlusal surface.

'Othor objects and aims of the invention, more or less broad than those stated above,

together with the advantages inherent, will Q be in partobvious and in part specifically referred to in the course of the following filGSCl'llDlllGD of the elements, comblnations,

, arrangrcments of parts, and, applications of principles constituting the invention; and thescopeof protection contemplated will appear from the claims.

In the accompanying drawings which are r to be taken as part of this specification, and in which I have shown merely a preferred form of embodiment-of the invention, Figure 1 is a perspective view illustrating a removable brldge embodying my invent on as it appears when connected to its piers; Fig. 1

2 is an enlarged perspective of the removable bridge removed from the piers; Fig.

is a view similar to; 1, but with the bridge removed; Fig. 4: is a detail view illuscrating the relation of the connecting member to the socket memberyin the pier tooth,

F 1g. 5 1s a cross sectional view taken on line 5 5 of F 1g. 6 and F 1gu6 1s a transverse versely of the dental aroh of which the pier tooth forms a part. Each socket portion 9 has a closed bottom wall 9 located toward the cervical portion of the tooth, opposed ,front and back walls 9, one toward the front and the other toward the back of the dental arch, an inside wall 9 and an opposed outsidewall (proximal to v the edens tateispacel provided with aslot 9 For reasons hereinafter explained,the front and back wal s 9 are straight, asis also the bottom wall 9 of the socket, and it; is preferred that the distance between the front and back walls Qshall be greater than the distance betweenthe inside and outside walls 9 V9*.

As willbe noted in the drawingseach of the sockets 9 extends to and terminates, as to its open end, at the occlusal surface of the pier teeth. The'sockets thus described maybe formed in inlays 12 made for the natural teeth (if natural" teeth are being used as {)161801 abutments) or in case the crowns of natural teeth have been GXClSBCl and artlficial crowns substituted, the sockets are formed in the artificial crown or in a metallic portion. thereof. Where the pier is a natural tooth. and the socket is formed in an inlayinserted in arecess or cavity of the tooth. itisevident that undesirable cutting of tooth structureis minimizedby having the socket member of the oblong form shown, with lts relatively wide side walls i eiitending transverselyof thegdental arch,

and located at and inv the side of thetooth,

that is, proximally with respect tothe edentate space. V For practical-reasons it 1s. des1rable to in anufacturesocket members-separably and of standard sizes, and solder them in place in inlays of natural teeth or metallic portions of artificial crowns, flowing metal over the outer surface as required to approximate the contour of the original complete tooth, and so that the )ier presents the appearance indicated in *ig. 3.

The bridge which is to be supported by the piers 5 and 6 is shown best in Fig. 2, and may comprise a saddle of platinized gold or the like, carrying artificial teeth 7 and 8, with connecting members 11 connected respectively to the outer surfaces of the artificial teeth, for engagement in the sockets 9. Each connecting member 11 is in the form of a T,-and may conveniently be made of any suitable metal of a non-corrosive nature, the head of the T being of a size so that it will snugly fit down into the open end of socket 9, and the stem of the T passing loosely into the slot 9' of the outside socket wall. The ends of the stems of the T, indicated at 11, are secured in the outer side surfaces of the artificial teeth, preferably by soldering in metallic inlays inserted in the artificial teeth. Thus we have a T-socket in and at the side of the pier, with the crossbar of the T extending transversely of the connecting member to engage in the socket. The slot 9 is some wider than the thickness of the T-stem 11' of the male connecting member, and before the work is completed the side and bottom edges of the T-head of the connecting member are given a slight curve as shown in Fig. 4, so that the T-head may have a rocking movement within the T-socket, transversely of the dental arch. The amount of this curvature is determined by the operator in each case to accord so far as possible with the amount of soft tissue displacement which occurs during mastication. The T-heads will come to the dentist with the bottom and side edges straight, and may readily be given a curvature as shown by grinding. The effect of this capacity for movement of the bridge transversely of the dental arch is to prevent the usual deleterious elfect of communicable stress upon the fixed piers or abutments. At the same time the bridge is free to move vertically of the dental arch, pressing upon and being pressed away by the gum tissue during mastication, thereby stimu ating the circulation of blood in the" tissue in a natural manner. 7 And by reason of the snug inter-fit between the T- head and the socket and the large areas of plished. The dentist will also the side walls of the socket and of the T- head parts opposed thereto the parts will normally be firmly held together, though deliberate separation may be readily accomgrind the out r edge of. the T-head, that is,' the edge which is exposed through the open 611d of' the socket. so that whenthe bridge is in assembled position within the mouth the ex posed edge of the T conforms to the occlusal surface of the tooth carrying the socket.

Obviously somewhat the same results would be accomplished if the front and back and bottom walls of the socket were converted and the contacting edges of the T head straight, the essential features being the provision of a socket and a connecting member rockingly supported within, and upon the bottom wall of, the socket, so as to move transversely of the dental arch. And of course the socket member might be in the bridge, and the connecting member on the pier.

I claim 1. In a device of the kind described, a pier and a bridge part separably secured together for relativevertical movement, including an oblong closed-botton'ied T-socket in one part h .uith Wide side walls and narrow front and ing toward the bottom of the socket, the side walls disposed. in planes transverse of the dental arch in which the pier and bridge are included, and a T'-head connecting member on the other part engaging the T-socket having a stem passing through the slot and a cross bar-or head shaped to correspond to r and fitting the socket, with the side and inner edges of the head curved to make rocking contact with the front and back and bottom walls of the socket, respectively.

2. ln a. device of the kind described, a pier and a bridge part separably secured togcther forrelative vertical movement, including a closed-bottomed socket formed in the side of and opening occlusally from one part, and a connecting member on the side of the other part fittingthe socket and having curved surfaces rocking upon the bottom of the socket transversely of the dental arch in which the pier and bridge are included, the connecting member having also surfaces exposed at the open end of the socket and forming a part of the occlusal surface of the member in which the socket is located.

In a device of the kind described, a

pier and a bridge part separably secured together for relative vertical movement, in-

l l. t)

eluding an oblong closed-bottomed T-socket formed in the side and openingfrom the occlusal or ncisive end of one part, with wide side walls and narrow front and back walls, one of the side walls provided with a slot opening from the top and extending toward the bottom of the socket, the side Wa s disp sed in pl ne transvers ly to the d t rch i which the p er and bridge ar inc u d, and. a .T-helad. connecting m mber on the side of he ot er part gaging the Tsocket and havingl stem pa sing through the slot, and a cross bar r head shaped to correspond to and fitting the socket, with its side and inner edges curved to make rocking contact with the front and back and bottom walls of the socket respectively, andwith its outer edge exposed at the open end of the socket and forming a part of the occlusal surface of the member in which the socket is'located.

a. in a device of the kind described, a pier and a bridge part separably secured together for relative vertical movement, the pier having the general overall contour of the original complete tooth, and consisting, as to that proximal portion thereof which faces the e dentate space, of a metallic part having an oblong closed-bottomed socket therein, the bottom of the socket located toward the cervicalportion of the pier and the socket having an open end at the occlnsal surface of the pier and having wide side walls and'narrow front and back Walls, the proximal side wall having a slot extending from the open end of the socket toward the bottom thereof, the side-walls disposed in planes transverse of the dental arch, and a T-head connecting member on the bridge engaging the socket and having a a stem passing freely through the slot and disposed in the line of the dental arch,

and a head shaped to correspond to and pier and a bridge part separably secured together for relative vertical movement, the pier having the general overall contour of the original complete tooth, and consisting, as to that proximal portion thereofwhich faces the edentate space, of a metallic part having an oblong closed-bottomed socket therein, the bottom of the socket located toward the cervicalnortion of the pier andthe socket having an open end at the occlusal surface of the pier and having wide toward the bottom thereof, the sidewalls disposed in planes transverse of the dental arch, and a T-head connecting member on e the bridge engaging the socket and having a stem passing freelv through the slot and disposed in the line of the dental arch, and

a head shaped to correspond to and fitting the socket, with the side and bottom edges of the head making contact with the front and back and bottom walls of the socket respectively, and with the outer edge of the head exposed at the open end of the socket and terminating at and completing the proximo-occlusal surface of the pier, the side and inner edges of the head being curved, so that they may rock on the front and back and bottom walls of the sockets 6. In a device of the kind described, a pier part and a bridge part separably secured together for relative vertical movement, one of said parts having a closedincomplete as totheproximal portion thereof in which the socket is located, and a connecting member attached to and projecting from the side of the other partand fitting the socket, the socket having wide side walls and narrow front and back walls, the side walls disposed in planes that are transverse to the dental arch in which the pier and bridge are included, and the connecting member having a head shaped to correspond to and fitting the socket, the inner portion of the head contacting with the bottom of the socket and the outer portion of the head provided with an occlusal surface which when the head is inserted in the socket, completes the occlusal surface of the socket-carrying part.

In testimony whereof I afiix my signature. r

HERMAN EDGAR SAMUEL fllAYEs. 

